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Content Class 09: Rights and Use Restrictions |
ADMIN & EMEDIA LABELS |
METADATA DESCRIPTORS |
METADATA ATTRIBUTES |
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The metadata elements clustered under Rights and Use Restrictions group together the intellectual property rights and conditions of use for a media item. In many circumstances, the information that is gathered and reported under rights and use restrictions only tracks data about the rights holder and about how the end user can use or repurpose a media item or piece of content. However, the UEN Digital Media Service desires to more aggresively manage the various rights restrictions and obligations which are attached to the media items they obtain, either themselves or through licensees and external vendors. Consequently, several dozen metadata fields have been distilled from an open source digital rights initiative supported by the W3C and folded into UMAP. Most of this information is valuable for its searchability by UEN DMS administrators and its incorporation into Telescope functional rules that bind dates and rights to specific audiences under time periods of use or termination. |
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The UMAP rights data is drawn from the Open Digital Rights Language (ODRL) that is a tool for... "Digital Rights Management (DRM) involves the description, layering, analysis, valuation, trading and monitoring of the rights over an enterprise's tangible and intangible assets. DRM covers the digital management of rights - be they rights in a physical manifestation of a work (eg a book), or be they rights in a digital manifestation of a work (eg an ebook). Current methods of managing, trading and protecting such assets are inefficient, proprietary, or else often require the information to be wrapped or embedded in a physical format. A key feature of digitally managing rights will be the substantial increase in re-use of digital material on the Internet as well as the increased efficiency for physical material. The pervasive Internet is changing the nature of distribution of digital media from a passive one way flow (from Publisher to the End User) to a much more interactive cycle where creations are re-used, combined and extended ad infinitum. At all stages, the rights need to be managed and honoured with trusted services. Current DRM technologies include languages for describing the terms and conditions, tracking asset usages by enforcing controlled environments or encoded asset manifestations, and closed architectures for the overall management of rights. The Open Digital Rights Language (ODRL) provides the semantics for DRM expressions in open and trusted environments whilst being agnostic to mechanisms to achieve the secure architectures." W3C ODRL UMAP takes into consideration the following components and analyses to assist the UEN DMS Service in managing and tracking compliance with distribution rights, repurposing rights, and expiration dates.... 1. Copyright (creation/publication dates & status, copyright owner), 2. Rights Stakeholders (creators, owners, vendors, licensees, and distributors), 3. Permissions (available rights to the licensees; "What end users can do with a media item?"), 4. Contraints (limitations on available rights to the licensees; "What end users can't do with a media item?"), and 5. Compliance Requirements/Obligations (licensee obligations in order to comply with Permissions and Contraints that are set forth; "What must an end user do to be able to use a media item?" ). 6. End Users (parties expected to consume or use the media items), 7. Citation (a bibliographic-like attribution associated with the origins of a content or media item) _________________________ PERMISSIONS typically include the following components: Permissions metadata specifies the actual usages or activities allowed or transferable over or with a media item in its entirety or as an extract harvested from the original. The information found under "Permissions" answers the question "What can an end user do with a media item?" 1. ASSET UNIQUE ID and TITLE 2. USAGE PERMISSIONS - indicates a set of methods in which a media item can be consumed. a. Display: The act of rendering the asset onto a visual device. b. Execute: The act of executing the asset. c. Play: The act of rendering the asset into audio/video form. d. Print: The act of rendering the asset onto paper or hard copy form. e. Perform: The act of reading, acting, enacting, presenting, or rendering a performance of a media item, public or private. 3. REUSE PERMISSIONS - indicates a set of operations in which the Asset (or portions of it) can be re-purposed. a. Aggregate: The act of using an asset (or parts of it) as part of a composite work or collection. b. Annotate: The act of adding notations/commentaries to the asset creating a new asset. c. Excerpt: The act of extracting (replicating) unchanged parts (or all) of the asset for reuse into another asset. d. Modify: The act of changing parts of the asset creating a new asset. e. Copy/Download: The act of making a copy of the original media item for subsequent consumption or archiving, often times done via a download over the Internet. 4. TRANSFER PERMISSIONS - indicates a set of procedures in which the rights over the media item can be transferred. a. Give: The act of allowing the asset to be given away (ownership transfer) in perpetuity without exchange of value. b. Lease: The act of allowing the asset to be made available for a fixed period of time then returned (for exchange of value). During this period, the asset is only available to the lessee. c. Lend: The act of allowing the asset to be made available for temporary use then returned (without exchange of value). During this period, the asset is only available to the lendee. d. Sell: The act of allowing the asset to be sold (ownership transfer) in exchange of value. e. Barter: The act of allowing the media item to be traded (ownership transfer) in exchange for some other commodity of perceived comparable value. _________________________ CONSTRAINTS typically include the following components... Contraints metadata articulates the constraints that limit the permissions granted for using a media item. The information found under "Constraints" answers the question "What can't an end user do with a media item?" 1. ASSET UNIQUE ID and TITLE 2. SIZE OF AUDIENCE - indicates a set of constraints that limits usage to a predefined audience size. a. Individual: An identifiable party acting as an individual. Use WHO MAY USE THIS MEDIA ITEM to identify the actual individual(s). b. Group: A number of identifiable parties acting as a collection of individuals. Use WHO MAY USE THIS MEDIA ITEM to identify the group(s). 3. DEVICE - indicates a set of contraints which limits usage to physical devices or systems. a. CPU: An identifiable computing system with a central processing unit (CPU). Use Context to identify the device. b. Hardware: An identifiable generic hardware device. Use Context to identify the device. c. Memory: An identifiable memory device. For example, the clipboard. Use Context to identify the device. d. Network: An identifiable data network. Use Context to identify the device. Use Range to indicate the IP Address restriction. e. Printer: An identifiable hard copy printer. Use Context to identify the device. f. Screen: An identifiable display output screen device. For example, a screen reader or braille device. Use Context to identify the device. g. Software: An identifiable software application that must be present. Use Context to identify the device. h. Storage: An identifiable storage media device. For example, a hard disk or removable cartridge. Use Context to identify the device. 4. BOUNDS - indicates a set of constraints which limits usage to a fixed number or extent/coverage. a. Count: A numeric count indicating the number of times the corresponding entity may be exercised. b. Range: A numeric range indicating the min/max values of the corresponding entity that the constraint applies to. Contains the following sub entities: min-the beginning of the range (inclusive) and max-the end of the range (inclusive). c. Spatial: Specification of a geographic area(s) or territory over which the rights can be excercised. 5. TEMPORAL - indicates a set of constraints which limits usage to temporal boundaries. a. Date(s): A date and/or time-based range. Contains the following sub entities: • start - the beginning of the range (inclusive) • end - the end of the range (inclusive) • fixed - an exact point in date/time b. Accumulated Time or Period: The maximum period of metered usage time, e.g, 90 days or 8 hours. 6. TARGET - indicates a set of constraints which limits usage to where and how the asset is used. a. Purpose: Specification of a specific purpose to which the usage is constrained. b. Industry,Group, or Venue: Specification of a specific industry, group, or venue to which the usage is constrained. _________________________ COMPLIANCE REQUIREMENTS/OBLIGATIONS typically include the following components... Compliance Requirements metadata specifies the obligations needed to exercise the Permission (e.g., Pay $5 each time you Play the video; or Publish an attribution or credit statement). The information found under "Compliance Requirements/Obligations" answers the question "What must an end user do to be able to use a media item?" 1. ASSET UNIQUE ID and TITLE 2. FEE - indicates a set of requirements for payments for usage. a. PrePay: The amount due prior to the granting/use of the rights. Use Payment entity. Temporal constraints may also be used. b. PostPay: The amount due after the use of the rights. c. PerUse: The amount due for each use of the granted rights. d. Payment: The amount due for each use of the granted rights. 3. INTERACTIONS - indicates a set of requirements on user interactions. a. Accept: User must view and agree to textual information. b. Register: User must register their details with a service provider. 4. USAGE - indicates a set of requirements on the use of the asset. a. Attribution: The use of the asset must always include attribution of the asset owners, e.g., used by permission of KUED-TV for non-commerical, educational purposes only. b. Tracked: The User will be tracked for their use of the asset. |
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drm-Copyright held by |
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[for cataloging] |
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COPYRIGHT HELD BY identifies the primary person(s), business, organization, group, project or service who holds legal rights for the publication, distribution, or use of a media item. Rights Holders are usually parties that have played some role in the creation, production, or distribution of a media item, and can assert some form of ownership over the asset and/or its associated permissions and uses. |
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UMAP takes into consideration the following components and analyses to assist the UEN DMS Service in managing and tracking compliance with distribution rights, repurposing rights, and expiration dates.... 1. Copyright (creation/publication dates & status, copyright owner), 2. Rights Stakeholders (creators, owners, vendors, licensees, and distributors), 3. Permissions (available rights to the licensees; "What end users can do with a media item?"), 4. Constraints (limitations on available rights to the licensees; "What end users can't do with a media item?"), and 5. Compliance Requirements/Obligations (licensee obligations in order to comply with Permissions and Contraints that are set forth; "What must an end user do to be able to use a media item?" ). 6. End Users (parties expected to consume or use the media items), 7. Citation (a bibliographic-like attribution associated with the origins of a content or media item) RIGHTS STAKEHOLDERS DISCUSSION... The supply chain for enabling a media item to reach an end user often has multiple third parties outside of the person or group who actually owns the copyright. For informational purposes, the players in the supply chain are explained here... VENDOR...Arrangements are made by the copyright holder with an entity who will vend or publish an item on their behalf. LICENSEE...The purchaser or subscriber is known as the licensee and is the entity who actually contracts for the use of a media item on behalf of end users; the licensee must comply with permissions, constraints, and obligations as agreed upon with the vendor and the original copyright owner. DISTRIBUTOR...Another party may be hired or allowed to manage the actual distribution of the media item to the customer or end user. END USER...End users are usually the expected consumers of media items. They may be identified as specific individuals, a business, an organization, a group or collective, a defined project, or a service. Copyright Holders are different than Creators/Authors. A separate metadata descriptor, citation_creator, is used to identify the person or organization who actually created the "intellectual content" of a media item. It is the CREATOR or AUTHOR of intellectual content that feeds the functional rule used in the "source_citation" or bibliographic-like attribution, not the legal copyright holder (although in many cases these are the same people.) |
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1. Determine the correct form of the copyright holders name when possible, whether a person or a group/organization. The Library of Congress Authoritieshttp://authorities.loc.gov ...or locally-specified bibliographic utilities (OCLC, RLIN, ULAN, etc.) should be consulted when possible. Otherwise, harvest the copyright holder information from a dust cover, jacket cover, book copyright page, program credits, catalog, or on-line index. 2. For Copyright purposes, enter personal names in the non-inverted form:FirstName MiddleName LastName. This is the complete opposite of the inverted form used to identify the CREATOR/AUTHOR of a media item in the metadata field citation_creator. Copyright notices display a person's name in non-inverted form. 3. Enter group or organization names in full, direct form. In the case of a hierarchy, list the parts from the largest to smallest, separated by periods. 4. If a group or organization name includes subordinate units, the name may be shortened by eliminating some of the hierarchical parts not considered necessary for uniquely identifying the body in question. For example, to enter the CIA as a creator, use the form of the name as given in the Library of Congress Authorities (United States. Central Intelligence Agency) instead of the full hierarchical name (United States. National Security Council. Central Intelligence Agency). 5. If there is doubt as to how to enter a name and the form of name cannot be verified in a controlled vocabulary, enter it as it appears and do not invert. For example: Sitting Bull. 6. Enter multiple copyright holders by separating each entry by a semi-colon and a space. Copyright Holders are different than Creators/Authors. A separate metadata descriptor, citation_creator, is used to identify the person or organization who actually created the "intellectual content" of a media item. It is the CREATOR or AUTHOR of intellectual content that feeds the functional rule used in the "source_citation" or bibliographic-like attribution, not the legal copyright holder. In many cases the Copyright Holder and the Creator/Author IS the same person or organization. In such an instance, the name must be entered both in the drm_copyright_holder data field (non-inverted form) and the citation_creator data field (inverted form). |
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NOTE: feeds the drm_copyright_statement functional rule. NOTE: does NOT feed the source_citation functional rule. |
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Alan A. Smithee University of Utah University of Utah. Media Solutions Alan A. Smithee; LaVern B. Doe |
