Summary
Sports activity stations will help the student observe and understand that the greater the force applied to an object, the greater the change in speed or direction of the object.
Materials
Background for Teachers
This activity will be done after all other teaching of 3rd Grade
Science Standard III has been taught. Students will already understand
push and pull. They will understand that force affects speed and
direction.
Intended Learning Outcomes
1. Use Science Process and Thinking Skills
2. Manifest Scientific Attitudes and Interests
3. Understand Science Concepts and Principles
4. Communicate Effectively Using Science Language and Reasoning.
Instructional Procedures
Invitation to Learn
Set a soccer ball on the floor and stare at it. When someone
asks you what you are doing, tell them that you are playing soccer.
If no one asks, wait until someone says anything at all and say,
"Shhhh, I'm doing something." Then they'll ask what you're doing. Of course they will make some sort of argument. Launch into a
discussion about what else you would need to do to play soccer.
Instructional Procedures
- Beforehand, setup 10 stations for the students to go to, each
with one sport activity. The equipment can be real or toys.
You must include at least two sports from each category on
the Sports that Push and Pull sheet. You may set up inside or
outside. Make sure the stations are numbered in some way, so
students know where to go next. Leave instructions for any
sport that you think the kids might not be familiar with.
- In the classroom, divide the students into 10 groups (2-
3 students per group). Pass out a pencil, a clipboard, and
one Forces and Motion in Sports paper to each group. Have
the students put their names at the top and listen while you
explain the directions.
- Explain that when they get to a station, they are to write the
name of the sport in the left column before they play with the
equipment. Then, they are to use the equipment to do the
sport. While they are playing, they need to pay attention to
what kind of force(s) they use to play. Tell them that they
will have three minutes to play with the equipment. When
you blow the whistle, they are to take one minute to finish
filling out the rest of the row for their station. Then you blow
the whistle one more time, and they are to go to the next
station.
- Explain that to fill out the sheet, they must mark either the
pull or push box, or both, in the middle column. Then they must
write a simple phrase to explain the pull/push force that they
used. Example for volleyball: push when my hand hit the ball
OR my hand pushed the ball.
- Take the students to where you've setup the stations. Send
one group to each station and tell them to start. Time them
for three minutes, and then blow the whistle. Make sure they
are writing. Give them about one minute to write, and then
blow the whistle again so they go to the next station.
- When each group has been to all the stations, clean up and go
back to the classroom. Put Class Survey of Forces and Motion
in Sports on the overhead projector. Write the sport name
in the left column and ask who thought it was push, pull, or
both. Tally for each sport.
- Discuss the results with the class.
Extensions
- Make a list of all the Summer Olympics events. This is
especially powerful if it is an Olympics year. Then sort them
into push, pull, or both.
- Disabled athletes are able to compete in various sports using
assistive devices or other technologies. Have students do
research and share their findings. Disabled athletes could be
invited to the classroom to talk to students.
Family Connections
- Send home an assignment as homework where the student and
their family get together outside and each throws a ball as far as
they can. If they don't have older/younger brothers and sisters,
other neighborhood folks can join in. Have them record the age
of the thrower, and then how far they threw it. Then they must
explain to their family how the littler kids didn't throw the ball
with as much force as the bigger kids, so it didn't go as far.
- Send home a copy of the Forces and Motion in Sports paper for
the students to fill out with their family. They may not include
any that you had as a station at school.
Assessment Plan
- Give the students each a copy of Bob Goes Adventuring, a green
crayon, and a purple crayon. Tell them to read the story and
put a green circle around the words every place they read about
a push, and a purple rectangle every place they read about a
pull. Remind them that some places might have both a green
circle and purple rectangle. For example, when they read about
Bob swimming, they will have a green circle for his legs pushing
his body, and a purple rectangle for his hands pulling his body.
- Have the students choose three of the sports they participated
in during the activity to write about. In one paragraph for each
sport, have students explain how different weight and different
amount of force affects the play of that sport.
Bibliography
Research Basis
Lewis, V. K., & Shaha, S. H. (2003). Maximizing learning and attitudinal gains through
integrated curricula. Education. 123, 537-547.
Three studies were done comparing integrated curriculum versus
single subject curriculum. It was shown that integrated curriculum
was significantly better for learning and student attitude. Students
were engaged, cared about the lesson subjects, and were able to
retain learning better. Three different subjects were used during the
study.
Fitton, N. (2004, August). Physics on the playground. Instructor Magazine, August, 58-61.
This article shows how to integrate physics with physical
education. Subjects include gravity, momentum, friction, force, etc.
Short activities are listed.
Created: 07/09/2007
Updated: 05/18/2022
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